This Nairobi city guide explains how Kenya’s capital works, from its two layers of government to the United Nations headquarters here. It covers the national park, rail and infrastructure plans, the shilling and US safety advice, as of October 2026.

Nairobi’s towers rise beyond the grassland of Nairobi National Park. (Photo: Timothy A. Gonsalves, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons)

In Plain English: What Nairobi Is

Nairobi is the capital of Kenya, an East African country on the Indian Ocean. The presidency holds its official events at State House Nairobi, as its own records of April 2026 show.

Nairobi is also a county, meaning a regional government with its own elected leaders and budget. Kenya has 47 counties, and the Council of Governors speaks for “the Governors of the forty-seven Counties” on its website.

How Nairobi Is Governed

In this Nairobi city guide, the county has two parts, an elected governor who leads the executive and a county assembly. The assembly’s website says Article 176 of the Constitution establishes it, with members elected by the registered voters of the wards.

Each ward forms a single-member constituency, so every ward elects one member of the assembly. The assembly publishes the county’s budget estimates for the 2026/2027 financial year as a public download.

Why Two Governments Share One City

Nairobi is both the national capital and a county with its own leaders, so two sets of officials share it. At the April 2026 arena signing, State House said the project reflects collaboration between the two governments.

For a newcomer, the practical lesson is to ask which level of government handles a task before chasing it. A county licence office and a national immigration office are different buildings with different rules.

The Nairobi City County Assembly building in the city centre. (Photo: Bahnfrend, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons)

Nairobi as the United Nations Hub in Africa

The United Nations Office at Nairobi, known as UNON, calls itself the only UN headquarters office in Africa and the global south. It was established in 1996.

UNON provides administrative and support services to the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and to UN-Habitat, which works on cities and human settlements. Its site covers 140 acres, which UNON calls the largest of any UN compound in the world.

The May 2026 Expansion at Gigiri

On 11 May 2026, State House reported a groundbreaking for an expanded UN assembly hall at Gigiri, where the UN compound stands. The UN Secretary-General said the hall would host 9,000 people and reach energy neutrality by 2029.

The same event inaugurated a new UN office block that has been completed. The government also said it is investing US$1.1 billion (KSh143 billion) in Nairobi’s infrastructure, from roads to the Nairobi Rivers.

Railway City and Getting Around

On 10 April 2026, State House announced a lease between developer Zaria Group and Kenya Railways Corporation for an arena district. It is the first project of Nairobi Railway City, a flagship plan to renew the area around the Central Railway Station.

The plan would turn the Central Railway Station into a transit hub joining rail, bus rapid transit and walking and cycling routes. State House said it aims to move more than 400,000 commuters a day by 2030.

Nairobi Terminus railway station in the city. (Photo: Macabe5387, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons)

A National Park at the City’s Edge

Nairobi National Park lies a short drive from the central business district, so visitors watch wildlife with office towers on the horizon. The Kenya Wildlife Service, which runs Kenya’s parks, lists the endangered black rhino and lions among its residents.

The service also names leopards, cheetahs, hyenas, buffaloes and giraffes. It says more than 400 bird species have been recorded in the park.

A giraffe in Nairobi National Park, with the city skyline behind it. (Photo: Alexmbogo, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons)

Money, Rates and Costs for Expats

The Central Bank of Kenya put the shilling (KES) at 129.95 per US$1 on 30 October 2026. In this Nairobi city guide, KES 1,300 is worth about US$10, a handy rule of thumb for meals and taxi rides.

The bank’s Monetary Policy Committee held its benchmark rate at 8.75% on 7 October 2026. The central bank’s site also shows inflation of 6.8% for September 2026.

Safety and the US Travel Advisory

As of 1 November 2026, the US State Department’s Kenya page carries the headline “Exercise increased caution in Kenya.” That corresponds to Level 2 on its four-step scale.

The same page lists Nairobi’s Eastleigh and Kibera under “Reconsider Travel,” which is Level 3, due to crime and kidnapping. Eastleigh is a busy trading district in the east of the city, and Kibera is one of its largest informal settlements.

Elections and What Comes Next

Kenya’s Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) runs a website countdown to the general election of 10 August 2027. The county assembly’s website says assembly members are elected on the same day as the parliamentary general election, every fifth year.

That points to 10 August 2027 as the next election day for Nairobi’s ward members too. Anyone using this Nairobi city guide for a long 2027 stay should follow the commission’s calendar and avoid the vote weeks.

What It Means for US Readers

For US readers, this Nairobi city guide matters because the city is Kenya’s main gateway for American visitors, aid workers and investors. Our Kenya diaspora pillar explains how Kenyan families in the United States stay connected to the capital.

Our Kenya power structure pillar shows who holds national power, and our Kenya population pillar explains who lives in the country. Our Kenya geopolitics pillar covers how Nairobi deals with Washington, Beijing and the Gulf.

For longer stays, our Nairobi expat city page covers rents, visas and day-to-day practicalities. Readers can find the wider story on our Kenya hub.

What Is Not Known

State House gave no opening date for the Railway City arena when it announced the lease on 10 April 2026. The hub aims to serve 400,000 commuters a day by 2030, but how many will use it is unknown.

In May 2026 the UN Secretary-General said the new hall would be ready in two years, a date that can move. How much of the US$1.1 billion (KSh143 billion) infrastructure plan reaches roads, lighting and rivers, and when, has not been published.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Nairobi city guide about?

It explains how Kenya’s capital works, from county government and the UN hub to the national park, Railway City plans, the shilling and the US safety advice, as of October 2026.

Is Nairobi safe for US travellers?

As of 1 November 2026, the US State Department says to exercise increased caution in Kenya and to reconsider travel to Eastleigh and Kibera. Stay alert, avoid crowds and protests, and check the advisory before you fly.

What is the exchange rate in Nairobi?

The Central Bank of Kenya put it at 129.95 shillings per US$1 on 30 October 2026. That makes KES 1,300 about US$10.

Why is the United Nations in Nairobi?

The UN Office at Nairobi, established in 1996, calls itself the only UN headquarters office in Africa. It serves UNEP and UN-Habitat and is expanding at Gigiri.

Can you see wildlife in Nairobi?

Yes, at Nairobi National Park, a short drive from the city centre. The Kenya Wildlife Service lists black rhinos, lions and more than 400 bird species.

When is Kenya’s next election?

Kenya’s electoral commission counts down to a general election on 10 August 2027.

Sources: Central Bank of Kenya, key rates, MPC decision of 7 October 2026 and daily exchange rates, 2026-10-30; Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC), general election countdown, 2026-11-01; United Nations Office at Nairobi (UNON), About UNON, 2026-11-01; UN-Habitat, About us, 2026-11-01; Kenya Wildlife Service, Nairobi National Park, 2026-11-01; US Department of State, Kenya Travel Advisory, 2026-11-01; Nairobi City County Assembly, About the Assembly and 2026/2027 budget estimates, 2026-11-01; Council of Governors (Kenya), 2026-11-01; State House Kenya, UN Nairobi office expansion, 11 May 2026, 2026-05-11; State House Kenya, Nairobi Railway City arena and entertainment district, 10 April 2026, 2026-04-10.

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